Duke was born Anna Marie Duke in Elmhurst, Queens, New York, the youngest of three children of Frances (née McMahon), a cashier, and John Brock Duke, a handyman and cab driver.[4][5] She was of German (from her maternal grandmother) and Irish descent (her paternal grandparents, James and Katness (O'Hara) Duke, having emigrated to New York from County Longford, Ireland).[5]
French fur traders allegedly named the local Indian tribe the Coeur d'Alene out of respect for their tough trading practices.[7] Translated from French Cœur d'Alène or Alêne literally means "heart of the awl" which might mean "sharp-hearted" or "shrewd".
The area was extensively explored by David Thompson of the North West Company starting in 1807. The Oregon boundary dispute (or Oregon question) arose as a result of competing British and American claims to the Pacific Northwest of North America in the first half of the 19th century.
Pierre-Jean De Smet (30 January 1801 – 23 May 1873), also known as Pieter-Jan De Smet, was a Belgian Roman Catholic priest and member of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits), active in missionary work among the Native Americans of the Midwestern United States, Western United States and Western Canada in the mid-19th century.
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