Meningitis Belt

2023年3月7日火曜日

心配ご無用　抜かりはない

https://tokumei10.blogspot.com/2023/03/blog-post_93.html

Immunization and Vaccines Development - WHO Africa

https://www.afro.who.int › programmes-clusters › IVD

Jul 14, 2017 — Immunization is widely recognized as a proven tool for controlling and possibly eradicating disease and remains one of the most cost effective public health ...

• About african vaccination week | Regional Office for Africa

  https://www.afro.who.int › health-topics › about

• Jul 9, 2018 — African Vaccination Week is an annual event celebrated during the last week of April in synchronization with the other WHO Regions and the World ...

Challenges of immunization in the African Region - PMC - NCBI

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › articles › PMC5745929

by R Mihigo · 2017 · Cited by 61 — Immunization has made significant contribution to public health in the African Region, including elimination, eradication and control of life threatening ...

• The future of routine immunization in Africa - PMC - NCBI

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › articles › PMC5745926

• by R Kamadjeu · 2017 · Cited by 14 — Most vaccinations in Africa are delivered through the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI); a combination of infrastructural, programmatic and financial ...

Immunization in Africa: A story of hope and progress, but also ...

https://www.weforum.org › agenda › 2016/05 › immun...

May 9, 2016 — Most of Africa's under-immunized children live in Nigeria, Ethiopia, the DRC, South Sudan, and Guinea. Poor people, those living in rural areas, and families ...

   Africa notes success with meningitis vaccine, some others

Natalie Vestin, MPH | News Reporter | CIDRAP

February 24, 2016

Representatives from 26 countries in Africa's "meningitis belt" met yesterday in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, to celebrate the fact that vaccination campaigns have nearly eliminated serogroup A meningitis cases on the continent, according to a World Health Organization (WHO) press release.

And a related report from the WHO Regional Office for Africa and the Eastern Mediterranean Region yesterday details childhood immunization successes and setbacks over the past 15 years on the African continent.

Meningitis vaccine success

The Meningitis Vaccine Project (MVP) Closure Conference yesterday addressed developments since MVP was formed in 2001 to lead the development of a meningitis A vaccine specifically for use in Africa's meningitis belt, which stretches from West Africa across the continent to Ethiopia (see image above). Since 2008, the GAVI Alliance has distributed $367 million to fund mass vaccination programs in high-risk countries.

The meningitis A vaccine MenAfriVac, manufactured by the Serum Institute of India Private Ltd., was introduced in Burkina Faso in 2010. Since then, 16 countries have conducted mass MenAfriVac vaccination campaigns, resulting in the immunization of more than 235 million children and young adults.

The remaining 10 meningitis belt countries plan to hold mass immunization activities nationwide or in high-risk areas in the next 2 years. Meningitis cases in Africa have decreased from more than 250,000 during a 1996 outbreak to 80 cases in 2015, a decline attributed to mass vaccination campaigns in meningitis belt countries, the WHO said.

Unlike previous meningitis A vaccines, MenAfriVac protects young children, offers long-term protection, and can be used before an epidemic begins. The vaccine costs less than $0.50 per dose, does not require constant refrigeration, and offers some protection against tetanus.

Meningitis vaccination coverage needs to be sustained, or countries could see meningitis A epidemics begin again within 15 years, the WHO said. "To sustain the protection that has been afforded to date against meningitis A, all at-risk countries must finish conducting vaccination campaigns and begin incorporating the vaccine into routine childhood immunization programs," said Matshidiso Moeti, MB, MSc, WHO regional director for Africa.

The GAVI Alliance is allocating financial support for integration of MenAfriVac into routine childhood immunization programs, the WHO said. Eight countries have already applied for funding, and the remaining 18 meningitis belt nations are expected to apply within the next several years.

Though the reductions in meningitis A cases along the meningitis belt are promising, African countries still report cases and epidemics related to other meningitis serogroups, most prominently meningitis W and C, the WHO said. In response to this need and to insufficient vaccine supplies to target these serogroups, MenAfriVac's manufacturer is beginning clinical trials on a pentavalent meningitis vaccine that will target serogroups A, C, W, X, and Y.

Childhood vaccine successes, challenges

In a separate news release related to the Addis Ababa meeting, the WHO's African office noted that, although the continent has seen some successes with childhood vaccines, one in five children on the continent still do not receive life-saving immunizations. Moeti called that rate "unacceptable."

Successes consist of an increase in diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP3) vaccine coverage from 57% in 2000 to 80% in 2014, an 86% decrease in measles deaths between 2000 and 2014, and the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate and rotavirus vaccines, the agency said.

Setbacks include low rates of second-dose coverage for measles-containing vaccine (19%); poor coverage of DTP3 vaccine in children (one in five are not immunized); and widespread cases of measles, rubella, and neonatal tetanus.

The WHO attributes many of the setbacks to fragile health systems and national crises, calling for long-term domestic commitment to childhood immunization programs. It published a full report on immunization in Africa.

In a WHO related commentary this week, Moeti and Ala Alwan, MD, WHO regional director for the Eastern Mediterranean, wrote, "Africa has an incredible opportunity to provide a better life for each and every child—and we know exactly how to seize it: provide universal access to immunization across the continent to protect them from vaccine preventable diseases."

https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/childhood-vaccines/africa-notes-success-meningitis-vaccine-some-others

Cyrus S. Poonawalla (born in 1941) is an Indian billionaire businessman, and the chairman and managing director of the Cyrus Poonawalla Group, which includes the Serum Institute of India, an Indian biotech company which is the largest vaccine manufacturer in the world and Poonawalla Fincorp a leading NBFC in India.^[1][2] In 2022, he is ranked number 4 on Forbes India rich list with a net worth of $24.3 billion.^[3] He is ranked number 1 in Hurun Global health care rich list 2022.^[4]

Career

Poonawalla founded the Serum Institute of India in 1966 and built it to the largest vaccine manufacturer (by doses) in the world. Serum produces over 1.5 billion doses annually of a range of vaccines, including for measles, polio and flu.^[5]

Family

Cyrus Poonawalla was born in a Parsi^[6] family he is the son of Soli Poonawala, who was a horse breeder. He was married to Villoo Poonawalla, who died in 2010.^[7][8] They have a son, Adar, who currently works as the CEO of Serum Institute of India.^[5]

Awards

• Padma Shri for his contribution to the field of medicine, by the Government of India in 2005.^[9]
• The Ernst & Young "Entrepreneur of the Year" in the category of Healthcare & Life Sciences in November 2007.^[10]
• The Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year for India in February 2015.^[10]
• Honorary doctorate by the University of Massachusetts Medical School in June 2018.^[11][12][13]
• Honorary doctorate by the University of Oxford in June 2019.^[14][15]
• ‘ICMR Lifetime Achievement Medal’ for contribution in healthcare by Bill Gates in November 2019.^[16]
• Lokmanya Tilak National Award in August 2021.^[17]
• Dean’s medal from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in May 2022.^[18]
• Padma Bhushan,for his contribution in production of vaccines during COVID-19,in the field of Trade and Industry, by the Government of India in 2022.^[19][20][21]

Philanthropy

In May 2019, it was reported that Poonawalla, in partnership with Naum Koen, had proposed supplying Ukraine with 100 thousand doses of the measles vaccine for free vaccination.^[22][23]

土人どもに接種させまくったインド製ワクチンが安全なもんだと思ってる貴方は立派なワクチンサマナ。（爆ｗｗｗｗｗｗｗｗｗｗｗｗ

まあエリートの皆様が・・・

2023年3月3日金曜日

抗原原罪は遺伝するんです

https://tokumei10.blogspot.com/2023/03/blog-post_36.html

の真の意味に気付く頃は既にToo Lateなわけで・・・（爆ｗｗｗｗｗｗｗｗｗｗｗ